Rahul Nana
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An autotroph is an organism that produces complex organic compounds, like carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, from simple inorganic molecules using energy from light. This grass in the picture uses photosynthesis to make food for itself.
adaptations of plants are special features that allow the plant to survive. In this picture the tree is growing sideways to achieve the most possible light to survive.
Cohesion of molecules causes drops to form in liquids. this condition allows water to travel up a plants stem and into its leaves.
decomposition- "the state or process of rotting; decay." in this picture the dead tree was decomposed and decayed.
Heart wood is the wood that is resistant to decay, as a result of tylosis. The middle of the wood is an example of heartwood.
The basic function of xylem is to transport water, but it also transports some nutrients. The xylem is located through out the stem and leaves. as pictured, you can see the veins of the leaf which is the xylem
gymnosperms are plants that has seeds unprotected by an ovary or fruit. a pine cone is an example of this.
A plant cuticle is a protecting film covering the epidermis of leaves. The waxy coat helps prevent water from evaporating from the plants leaves.
Phloem is the living tissue, in vascular plants, that carries organic nutrients, particularly sucrose, which is a sugar, to all parts of the plant where it is needed. In trees the phloem is the innermost layer of the bark.
The varied leaves of conifers are attached singly along the stems in a helical pattern or in opposite pairs or trios. the pine tree needles are an example of a conifer leaf because of the way the needles are attached to the branches of the pine tree.
gymnosperm leafs are needle like. as pictured, the pine tree has pine needles.
tendrils are thin string like structures that is used by claiming plants, such as vines, to wrap around or to hook a support. In this pic, the tendril is the curly string like stem that extends out latching onto another tree for support to creep up.
In order to be classified as a deciduous tree the tree will lose its leaves after they are no longer needed, or after their purpose is considered finished. These leaves will fall off once the fall season comes which classifies these leaves as deciduous.
adhesion are the "stickiness" that water molecules have for each other and for other substances. In the pic a water molecules group together to make a single droplet.
A plant that flowers only after being exposed to light periods longer than a certain critical length, as in summer. Grass, as pictured, would be a perfect example.
radial symmetry is in which the organism can be divided into similar halves by passing a plane at any angle along a central axis. The flower pictured can be sliced into two identical parts no mater where and which angle its divided.
Keratin is material making up the outer layer of human skin. It is the key structural component of hair and nails, and it provides the necessary strength and toughness for our nails.
an exoskeleton is the external skeleton that supports and protects an animal's body. The roach in the pic has an exoskeleton which gives it its main structure to protect its internal organs.
Pollen is a fine to coarse powder containing the microgametophytes of seed plants, which produce the male gametes, or sperm cells. In the pic the pollen in the center of the flower.
Fermentation is a process that converts sugar to acids, gases or alcohol. fermentation occurs during the absence of oxygen. wine is an example of grapes fermenting.
Stomata are minute openings on plants found typically on the outer leaf skin layer. they allow gasses such as co2 and o2 to enter and exit a plant.
ectotherms are animal that are dependent on external sources of body heat. snakes are examples of ectotherms.
An arthropod is an invertebrate animal having an exoskeleton, a segmented body, and jointed appendages. a crab or spider would be an example of this.
annelids are any of various worms or wormlike animals of the phylum Annelida. worms are an example of annelids
analogous structures are body parts in different species that are similar in function but not in structure that evolved in response to a similar environmental challenge. for example a bats wing is similar in function compared to a butterflies wing.
a arachnid is an arthropod of the class Arachnida, such as a spider or scorpion. they characterized by four pairs of segmented legs.
Carbohydrates are mainly sugars and starches, together constituting one of the three principal types of nutrients used as energy sources by the body. Carbohydrates can also be defined chemically as neutral compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Bread and wheat is a great example of Carbohydrates
A pollinator is what moves pollen from the male anthers of a flower to the female stigma of a flower to accomplish fertilization. Bees are pollinators as they land on different flowers pollinating them.
A xerophyte is a species of plant that has adapted to survive in an environment with little liquid water. a cactus is an example of this for it grows in the desert with little water required.
Vascular tissue is a complex conducting tissue, formed of more than one cell type, found in vascular plants. The xylem an phloem are part of tissue.
an enzyme is a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction. enzymes have an active site and a substrate which it reacts with.
Cellulose is a linear polysaccharide polymer with many glucose monosaccharide units. cellulose can found in plants, for example in the leaf pictured above.
An endotherm is an organism that maintains its body at a metabolically favorable temperature. Dogs and humans are endotherms for example. they generate heat by shivering and cool off by sweating.
The female pine cone contains ovules which, when fertilized by pollen, become seeds. the female pine cone a different verses the male cone as it is woody and is opened.
a frond is the leaf or leaflike part of fern. It usually consists of multiple leaflets.
an amniotic eggs is a shelled egg in which an embryo develops within a fluid-filled amniotic sac and is nourished by a yolk. The outside of the egg is composed of a calcium carbonate shell, which is impermeable to water and other harmful substances.
a parasite is an organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients at the host's expense. this parasite leeches off its host to survive.
Denaturation is a process in which proteins or nucleic acids lose their structure. enzymes for example denature an cant react with the original substrate due to the change in structure.
A genetically modified organism is any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. modern day corn is genetically modified to be resistant to certain pest and yield greater crop.
(Stem- Herbaceous vs. Woody) herbaceous stems are herb like. they're not woody and die every year. woody stems are thicker in diameter. The stem remains above ground during the winter.